BALANCE IN NATURE

 

Q15: 19 "And the earth we have spread out, set thereon mountains firm and immovable and produce there in all kinds or things in due balance".

Examining this planet and all that it contains will reveal a remarkable order and balance. There is an infinite chain of gradation and inter-dependence. The mineral kingdom supports the plant kingdom, which in turn supports the animal kingdom. The waste of one is made the food of another and vice versa. Excess is eliminated let see some of them.

(i) NITROGEN CIRCLE

Purifying bacteria decompose the proteins in humans, which use the energy set free for their respiration. The proteins are finally broken down into simple substances like, CO2, H20 and NH3. The NH3 is oxidized by nitrifying bacteria into nitrates and the amount of combined nitrogen in the soil is reduced to gaseous nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria. The Gaseous nitrogen is again converted into combine nitrogen by nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

The energy of lightning discharges causes tiny amounts of the oxygen and nitrogen in the air to combine and form nitrogen dioxide gas. This gas dissolves in raindrops to form nitric acid. Thus the rain is a diluted solution of nitric acid, which enters the soils and combines with metallic parts of salts to form nitrates, which plants consume.

(ii) CARBON CIRCLE

All animals rely on green plants for their food because they either eat plants themselves or eat the flesh of other animals, which live on plants. And plants to some extent, depended on animals for the raw material they needed for food synthesis, in the form of C02 given off by animals during respiration or after death by decay. However, the sea is the greatest reservoir of C02 and this keep the atmosphere constant, when there is too tittles in the air, more is released from the solution in the sea and when there is too much in the air, more dissolves in the sea.

(iii) WATER CIRCLE

The air near the surface of the earth, weather land or sea is rarely saturated. If the temperature reached certain extent water molecules will evaporate from moist ground, growing vegetation, rivers seas snow, ice e.t.c. The water vapor formed is partly condensed at or near the surface of the earth as dew or fog. But in the main the water vapor is transported upwards. A cooling process upwards formed the clouds and if those clouds are sufficiently developed they precipitate and condensed as rain, hail or snow which fed rivers, lakes underground streams e.t.c. The process is continuous.

(iv) FOOD CIRCLE

The basic raw materials: Minerals salts, carbon dioxide and water are converted by photosynthetic organisms (plants) into complex substance of their own tissues. These organisms are me main food producers. Animals that are the consumers ate them. When the consumers eventually died they (including the plants) give rise to the dead organic matter (minerals) which bacteria feds on and synthesize substances for plants consumption. This process is a continuous one.

(v) RESPIRATION

Energy is needed for all metabolic activities, in animals the consumption of food (the fuel) is oxidized by breaking in oxygen to give out carbon dioxide, water and energy.

C6H12 + 6O2, = 6CO2 +6H2O + ENERGY

The end product (C02 and H20) are the raw materials plants needed for photosynthesis (the process is which sugar and starch are formed which animals consume). Together with sunlight, which is directly absorbed from the sun. Water is absorbed from the soil, while carbon dioxide is absorbed from the atmosphere through the leaves. Thus

SUNLIGHT (ENERGY)+6C02+6H20=C6H1206+62

A balance is achieved; the waste of one becomes the raw materials for the other.

(vi) ENERGY FLOW

The average amount of energy the earth absorbs from the sun each year is equal to the amount of energy the earth looses to space, though this is not maintained for all latitude. Tropical regions gain more energy from the sun than they loose, while Polar Regions loose more energy from to space than they gain. Tropics do not always grow warmer and the polar regions do not continuously grow colder because the atmosphere transport warm air towards the pole and cold air towards the equator. The oceans do the same with water.

There are several things that happen in this planet, known and unknown to us but they are all interconnected and regulated to achieve balance. The alternation of night and day, the seasonal variations, the distribution of species etc. are all classical examples of supreme balance. Continuity of one or its dominance over the other will make life impossible. For example it has been estimated that if all the inequalities on the surface of the earth were leveled, the whole surface of the earth will be under water as the mean elevation of land sphere-level would be 7-10 thousand feet below the surface of the ocean. Thus everything in this planet is highly regulated and any excess is eliminated. And there is nothing that can happen without impact on human beings or other things. God says:

Q22: 65 "Seest thou not that god has made subject to you (men) all that is on the earth"

Therefore all the process that are taking place on this planet, known and unknown to us have a direct or indirect bearing on mankind.

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